Pneumatic and Electric Drive for Hybrid Vehicles -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePneumatic and Electric Drive Systems for Hybrid Vehicles. Answer: Pneumatic systems are known to use air or pressurized systems in their functioning. The pneumatic drive systems use a key mechanisms, where they use compressed air or inert gases to move their parts. The most functions on which these systems are used include in the train doors, mechanical clamps and some of the production assemblies. On the other hand, an electrical driver system is a systems which uses electricity in the control of its speed, torque and the direction of the electric motor or electric generator which is installed (Khajepour, Fallah, Goodarzi, 2014). In order to change the output, the key factors which are changed include the voltage and frequencies. A person has different factors to consider in the choice of either a pneumatic systems or to use the electrical drive systems (Subrahmanyam, 2011, p. 91). The two types of drives have their pros and cons and therefore it is important for proper analysis in order to maximise the production when facedwith the decision to c hoose one of them. Performance, cost factors and effectiveness factors are some of the key analysis elements which will help one to make viable decisions when faced with the difficulty of choosing between the two drive systems. The delivery situation for the pneumatic drives is usually achieved at high speed combined with low torque. Nevertheless, in these systems, the torque and speed are usually independent factors. In their application, the pneumatics drives are the most cost effective systems to be used. This is when the costs is a key factor to consider when the dilemma of which system need to be used. Moreover, compared to other systems, the pneumatic drives are able to offer implausible torque and velocity per each unit in comparison to the electric drives or any other apart from the hydraulic drive systems (National Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee for the Electrical Industry, 2008). Moreover, the pneumatic drives have small sized compressors, which make them cost effective and increase their efficiency. Moreover, the large compressors are only effective at situation when large pneumatic drives are driven. One key advantage of the electric drives over the pneumatic drives is the precisions control and positioning. The drives are able to play a critical role in the flexible adaptation of the machines and maintenance of low cost of operations. The economic nature of the use of electric drive is usually attained when the moderate scale of functionality is attained (Tan, Putra, 2011). The main reason which is tied to this is the low cost of replacement which is achieved. Some of the key electric drive systems in the market, used to control electric machines include the steppers and servos. At low speed and accurate positioning, the step electric motors are the most effective. On the other hand, the servos are able to deliver superior work at high speed although high cost of operations is achieved when they are used. In comparison, the electric drive systems are able to offer multiple advantages compared to the pneumatic drive systems. One of the key disadvantage of the pneumatic drive system can arrive where the air for compression is not available. This can be compared in placed like offices, where for electric drives, only the electricity is needed. This has seen the increased application of the electric drives over the pneumatic drive systems. In addition, the electric drives are controllable meaning that the output and input are set by the owners. In terms of the stroke length, the electric drives are able to provide end of stroke in the repetitive positioning and precisions described. Intermediate stops and flexible motion profiles are other key advantages which the electric drives are able to enjoy over the pneumatic systems. In addition, the installation and maintenance costs of the electric systems are much lower compares to the same costs in the pneumatic systems. Nevertheless, the pneumatic drives also have some key advantages over the electric drive systems. One of the key advantages is the low cost of the system. The electric systems are much expensive compares to the pneumatic systems. In addition, the pneumatic systems are able to offer high torque and velocities are very low unit costs. In comparison with the electric drive systems, this is one of the key merits of using the pneumatic systems over the electric drive systems. Moreover, it is important that the different components of a system to be controlled different and with ease. The torque and velocities in the pneumatic systems are independent and this makes it easy to control either of the factors. In addition, safety is a key consideration for any systems and the pneumatic system employs the use of oversi8zed cylinders to enhance the safety measures. In the pneumatic drive systems, it is easy and much practical to step up to a large diameter. In addition, when deployment is done i n large scale, the effectiveness in the pneumatic systems is able to exceed the effectiveness in the electric systems. This makes the systems much cost effectiveness in the use compare to the electric drive systems. In addition, in terms of the designs, the pneumatic systems are simple and therefore easy to understand. This is in comparison with the electric systems which are complex and therefore training for their use is usually required (Kiel, 2008, p. 121). Moreover, the pneumatic drives can even employ the use of automatic control application, which is not easy for the electric systems. Lastly, the air is less affected by harsh conditions such as weather and this makes the pneumatic systems more adaptable in the different conditions. In addition, in terms of safety, the pneumatic systems are much safer, since they can operate anywhere even in inflammable environments. Nevertheless, over loading the pneumatic system can lead to end of the use of the system due to failure (In Demenko, 2015). Moreover, the pneumatic systems are much friendly to the environment since they cause less pollution. This is unlike the electric systems which have oil and grease which are not friendly to the environment. The pneumatic systems can also be used in areas where clean air is needed system they are known to be able to release clean air. Nevertheless, the pneumatic systems have low accuracy level in comparison with the electric systems. The output operations are able to depend on the amount of pressurized gases fed into the system. Instability in output is a critical factor for the pneumatic systems. Air volume changes with temperature changes. This is a key con experienced when working with the pneumatic drive systems. Additionally, pneumatic drives only require low loading to avoid their failure. This puts a limit on the operations of the systems and therefore limiting the output production of the system. In addition, there are conditions which may increase the wear and tear of the parts (Crowder, 2006, p. 78). Most importantly, the changes in air volumes in the systems are able to bring uneven speed. Lastly, these systems are noisy and therefore cannot be used in quiet environments. On the other hand, the electric drives have high initial cost and are not compatible in all environments. High usage causes overheating and this increases the wear and tear. Additionally, the electric dives are motor locks therefore the speeds limits to a fixed setting value. Summary In terms of usage, the electric drives rely on electricity while the pneumatic drives use compressed air to generate the mechanical energy to drive the parts. The pneumatic drive systems use the pressurized air to operate their valves. Key factors which are considered in the choice of the systems are productivity, cost and performance of the systems on the different environments. Individual will therefore analyze these factors in the aim of choosing which will suit their use. References In Demenko, A. (2015). Modelling of magnetic and electric circuits. Khajepour, A., Fallah, M. S., Goodarzi, A. (2014). Electric and hybrid vehicles: Technologies, modeling, and control : a mechatronic approach. National Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee for the Electrical Industry. (2008). Blueprint reading for electricians. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar/Cengage Learning. Tan, K. K., Putra, A. S. (2011). Drives and control for industrial automation. London: Springer.